Source code for mriqc.workflows.functional.base

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# vi: set ft=python sts=4 ts=4 sw=4 et:
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"""
Functional workflow
===================

.. image :: _static/functional_workflow_source.svg

The functional workflow follows the following steps:

#. Sanitize (revise data types and xforms) input data, read
   associated metadata and discard non-steady state frames.
#. :abbr:`HMC (head-motion correction)` based on ``3dvolreg`` from
   AFNI -- :py:func:`hmc`.
#. Skull-stripping of the time-series (AFNI) --
   :py:func:`fmri_bmsk_workflow`.
#. Calculate mean time-series, and :abbr:`tSNR (temporal SNR)`.
#. Spatial Normalization to MNI (ANTs) -- :py:func:`epi_mni_align`
#. Extraction of IQMs -- :py:func:`compute_iqms`.
#. Individual-reports generation --
   :py:func:`~mriqc.workflows.functional.output.init_func_report_wf`.

This workflow is orchestrated by :py:func:`fmri_qc_workflow`.
"""

from collections.abc import Iterable

import nibabel as nb
from nipype.interfaces import utility as niu
from nipype.pipeline import engine as pe
from niworkflows.utils.connections import pop_file as _pop

from mriqc import config
from mriqc.workflows.functional.output import init_func_report_wf


[docs]def fmri_qc_workflow(name='funcMRIQC'): """ Initialize the (f)MRIQC workflow. .. workflow:: import os.path as op from mriqc.workflows.functional.base import fmri_qc_workflow from mriqc.testing import mock_config with mock_config(): wf = fmri_qc_workflow() """ from nipype.algorithms.confounds import TSNR, NonSteadyStateDetector from nipype.interfaces.afni import TStat from niworkflows.interfaces.bids import ReadSidecarJSON from niworkflows.interfaces.header import SanitizeImage from mriqc.interfaces.functional import SelectEcho from mriqc.messages import BUILDING_WORKFLOW workflow = pe.Workflow(name=name) mem_gb = config.workflow.biggest_file_gb dataset = config.workflow.inputs.get('bold', []) if config.execution.datalad_get: from mriqc.utils.misc import _datalad_get _datalad_get(dataset) full_files = [] for bold_path in dataset: try: bold_len = nb.load( bold_path[0] if isinstance(bold_path, Iterable) and not isinstance(bold_path, (str, bytes)) else bold_path ).shape[3] except nb.filebasedimages.ImageFileError: bold_len = config.workflow.min_len_bold except IndexError: # shape has only 3 elements bold_len = 0 if bold_len >= config.workflow.min_len_bold: full_files.append(bold_path) else: config.loggers.workflow.warn( f'Dismissing {bold_path} for processing: insufficient number of ' f'timepoints ({bold_len}) to execute the workflow.' ) message = BUILDING_WORKFLOW.format( modality='functional', detail=( f'for {len(full_files)} BOLD runs.' if len(full_files) > 2 else f"({' and '.join('<%s>' % v for v in dataset)})." ), ) config.loggers.workflow.info(message) if set(dataset) - set(full_files): config.workflow.inputs['bold'] = full_files config.to_filename() # Define workflow, inputs and outputs # 0. Get data, put it in RAS orientation inputnode = pe.Node(niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['in_file']), name='inputnode') inputnode.iterables = [('in_file', full_files)] outputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['qc', 'mosaic', 'out_group', 'out_dvars', 'out_fd']), name='outputnode', ) # Get metadata meta = pe.MapNode( ReadSidecarJSON(index_db=config.execution.bids_database_dir), name='metadata', iterfield=['in_file'], ) pick_echo = pe.Node(SelectEcho(), name='pick_echo') non_steady_state_detector = pe.Node(NonSteadyStateDetector(), name='non_steady_state_detector') sanitize = pe.MapNode( SanitizeImage(max_32bit=config.execution.float32), name='sanitize', mem_gb=mem_gb * 4.0, iterfield=['in_file'], ) # Workflow -------------------------------------------------------- # 1. HMC: head motion correct hmcwf = hmc(omp_nthreads=config.nipype.omp_nthreads) # Set HMC settings hmcwf.inputs.inputnode.fd_radius = config.workflow.fd_radius # 2. Compute mean fmri mean = pe.MapNode( TStat(options='-mean', outputtype='NIFTI_GZ'), name='mean', mem_gb=mem_gb * 1.5, iterfield=['in_file'], ) # Compute TSNR using nipype implementation tsnr = pe.MapNode( TSNR(), name='compute_tsnr', mem_gb=mem_gb * 2.5, iterfield=['in_file'], ) # EPI to MNI registration ema = epi_mni_align() # 7. Compute IQMs iqmswf = compute_iqms() # Reports func_report_wf = init_func_report_wf() # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, meta, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (inputnode, pick_echo, [('in_file', 'in_files')]), (inputnode, sanitize, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (meta, pick_echo, [('out_dict', 'metadata')]), (pick_echo, non_steady_state_detector, [('out_file', 'in_file')]), (non_steady_state_detector, sanitize, [('n_volumes_to_discard', 'n_volumes_to_discard')]), (sanitize, hmcwf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.in_file')]), (hmcwf, mean, [('outputnode.out_file', 'in_file')]), (hmcwf, tsnr, [('outputnode.out_file', 'in_file')]), (mean, ema, [(('out_file', _pop), 'inputnode.epi_mean')]), # Feed IQMs computation (meta, iqmswf, [('out_dict', 'inputnode.metadata'), ('subject', 'inputnode.subject'), ('session', 'inputnode.session'), ('task', 'inputnode.task'), ('acquisition', 'inputnode.acquisition'), ('reconstruction', 'inputnode.reconstruction'), ('run', 'inputnode.run')]), (inputnode, iqmswf, [('in_file', 'inputnode.in_file')]), (sanitize, iqmswf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.in_ras')]), (mean, iqmswf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.epi_mean')]), (hmcwf, iqmswf, [('outputnode.out_file', 'inputnode.hmc_epi'), ('outputnode.out_fd', 'inputnode.hmc_fd'), ('outputnode.mpars', 'inputnode.mpars')]), (tsnr, iqmswf, [('tsnr_file', 'inputnode.in_tsnr')]), (non_steady_state_detector, iqmswf, [('n_volumes_to_discard', 'inputnode.exclude_index')]), # Feed reportlet generation (inputnode, func_report_wf, [ ('in_file', 'inputnode.name_source'), ]), (sanitize, func_report_wf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.in_ras')]), (mean, func_report_wf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.epi_mean')]), (tsnr, func_report_wf, [('stddev_file', 'inputnode.in_stddev')]), (hmcwf, func_report_wf, [ ('outputnode.out_fd', 'inputnode.hmc_fd'), ('outputnode.out_file', 'inputnode.hmc_epi'), ]), (ema, func_report_wf, [ ('outputnode.epi_parc', 'inputnode.epi_parc'), ('outputnode.report', 'inputnode.mni_report'), ]), (iqmswf, func_report_wf, [ ('outputnode.out_file', 'inputnode.in_iqms'), ('outputnode.out_dvars', 'inputnode.in_dvars'), ('outputnode.outliers', 'inputnode.outliers'), ]), (meta, func_report_wf, [('out_dict', 'inputnode.meta_sidecar')]), (hmcwf, outputnode, [('outputnode.out_fd', 'out_fd')]), ]) # fmt: on if config.workflow.fft_spikes_detector: # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (iqmswf, func_report_wf, [ ('outputnode.out_spikes', 'inputnode.in_spikes'), ('outputnode.out_fft', 'inputnode.in_fft'), ]), ]) # fmt: on # population specific changes to brain masking if config.workflow.species == 'human': from mriqc.workflows.shared import synthstrip_wf as fmri_bmsk_workflow skullstrip_epi = fmri_bmsk_workflow(omp_nthreads=config.nipype.omp_nthreads) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (mean, skullstrip_epi, [(('out_file', _pop), 'inputnode.in_files')]), (skullstrip_epi, ema, [('outputnode.out_mask', 'inputnode.epi_mask')]), (skullstrip_epi, iqmswf, [('outputnode.out_mask', 'inputnode.brainmask')]), (skullstrip_epi, func_report_wf, [('outputnode.out_mask', 'inputnode.brainmask')]), ]) # fmt: on else: from mriqc.workflows.anatomical.base import _binarize binarise_labels = pe.Node( niu.Function( input_names=['in_file', 'threshold'], output_names=['out_file'], function=_binarize, ), name='binarise_labels', ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (ema, binarise_labels, [('outputnode.epi_parc', 'in_file')]), (binarise_labels, iqmswf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.brainmask')]), (binarise_labels, func_report_wf, [('out_file', 'inputnode.brainmask')]) ]) # fmt: on # Upload metrics if not config.execution.no_sub: from mriqc.interfaces.webapi import UploadIQMs upldwf = pe.MapNode( UploadIQMs( endpoint=config.execution.webapi_url, auth_token=config.execution.webapi_token, strict=config.execution.upload_strict, ), name='UploadMetrics', iterfield=['in_iqms'], ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (iqmswf, upldwf, [('outputnode.out_file', 'in_iqms')]), ]) # fmt: on return workflow
def compute_iqms(name='ComputeIQMs'): """ Initialize the workflow that actually computes the IQMs. .. workflow:: from mriqc.workflows.functional.base import compute_iqms from mriqc.testing import mock_config with mock_config(): wf = compute_iqms() """ from nipype.algorithms.confounds import ComputeDVARS from nipype.interfaces.afni import OutlierCount, QualityIndex from mriqc.interfaces import DerivativesDataSink, FunctionalQC, GatherTimeseries, IQMFileSink from mriqc.interfaces.reports import AddProvenance from mriqc.interfaces.transitional import GCOR from mriqc.workflows.utils import _tofloat, get_fwhmx mem_gb = config.workflow.biggest_file_gb workflow = pe.Workflow(name=name) inputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface( fields=[ 'in_file', 'in_ras', 'epi_mean', 'brainmask', 'hmc_epi', 'hmc_fd', 'fd_thres', 'in_tsnr', 'metadata', 'mpars', 'exclude_index', 'subject', 'session', 'task', 'acquisition', 'reconstruction', 'run', ] ), name='inputnode', ) outputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface( fields=[ 'out_file', 'out_dvars', 'outliers', 'out_spikes', 'out_fft', ] ), name='outputnode', ) # Set FD threshold inputnode.inputs.fd_thres = config.workflow.fd_thres # Compute DVARS dvnode = pe.MapNode( ComputeDVARS(save_plot=False, save_all=True), name='ComputeDVARS', mem_gb=mem_gb * 3, iterfield=['in_file'], ) # AFNI quality measures fwhm = pe.MapNode(get_fwhmx(), name='smoothness', iterfield=['in_file']) fwhm.inputs.acf = True # Only AFNI >= 16 outliers = pe.MapNode( OutlierCount(fraction=True, out_file='outliers.out'), name='outliers', mem_gb=mem_gb * 2.5, iterfield=['in_file'], ) quality = pe.MapNode( QualityIndex(automask=True), out_file='quality.out', name='quality', mem_gb=mem_gb * 3, iterfield=['in_file'], ) gcor = pe.MapNode(GCOR(), name='gcor', mem_gb=mem_gb * 2, iterfield=['in_file']) measures = pe.MapNode( FunctionalQC(), name='measures', mem_gb=mem_gb * 3, iterfield=['in_epi', 'in_hmc', 'in_tsnr', 'in_dvars', 'in_fwhm'], ) timeseries = pe.MapNode( GatherTimeseries(mpars_source='AFNI'), name='timeseries', mem_gb=mem_gb * 3, iterfield=['dvars', 'outliers', 'quality'], ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, dvnode, [('hmc_epi', 'in_file'), ('brainmask', 'in_mask')]), (inputnode, measures, [('epi_mean', 'in_epi'), ('brainmask', 'in_mask'), ('hmc_epi', 'in_hmc'), ('hmc_fd', 'in_fd'), ('fd_thres', 'fd_thres'), ('in_tsnr', 'in_tsnr')]), (inputnode, fwhm, [('epi_mean', 'in_file'), ('brainmask', 'mask')]), (inputnode, quality, [('hmc_epi', 'in_file')]), (inputnode, outliers, [('hmc_epi', 'in_file'), ('brainmask', 'mask')]), (inputnode, gcor, [('hmc_epi', 'in_file'), ('brainmask', 'mask')]), (dvnode, measures, [('out_all', 'in_dvars')]), (fwhm, measures, [(('fwhm', _tofloat), 'in_fwhm')]), (dvnode, outputnode, [('out_all', 'out_dvars')]), (outliers, outputnode, [('out_file', 'outliers')]), (outliers, timeseries, [('out_file', 'outliers')]), (quality, timeseries, [('out_file', 'quality')]), (dvnode, timeseries, [('out_all', 'dvars')]), (inputnode, timeseries, [('hmc_fd', 'fd'), ('mpars', 'mpars')]), ]) # fmt: on addprov = pe.MapNode( AddProvenance(modality='bold'), name='provenance', run_without_submitting=True, iterfield=['in_file'], ) # Save to JSON file datasink = pe.MapNode( IQMFileSink( modality='bold', out_dir=str(config.execution.output_dir), dataset=config.execution.dsname, ), name='datasink', run_without_submitting=True, iterfield=['in_file', 'root', 'metadata', 'provenance'], ) # Save timeseries TSV file ds_timeseries = pe.MapNode( DerivativesDataSink(base_directory=str(config.execution.output_dir), suffix='timeseries'), name='ds_timeseries', run_without_submitting=True, iterfield=['in_file', 'source_file', 'meta_dict'], ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, addprov, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (inputnode, datasink, [('in_file', 'in_file'), ('exclude_index', 'dummy_trs'), (('subject', _pop), 'subject_id'), (('session', _pop), 'session_id'), (('task', _pop), 'task_id'), (('acquisition', _pop), 'acq_id'), (('reconstruction', _pop), 'rec_id'), (('run', _pop), 'run_id'), ('metadata', 'metadata')]), (addprov, datasink, [('out_prov', 'provenance')]), (outliers, datasink, [(('out_file', _parse_tout), 'aor')]), (gcor, datasink, [(('out', _tofloat), 'gcor')]), (quality, datasink, [(('out_file', _parse_tqual), 'aqi')]), (measures, datasink, [('out_qc', 'root')]), (datasink, outputnode, [('out_file', 'out_file')]), (inputnode, ds_timeseries, [('in_file', 'source_file')]), (timeseries, ds_timeseries, [('timeseries_file', 'in_file'), ('timeseries_metadata', 'meta_dict')]), ]) # fmt: on # FFT spikes finder if config.workflow.fft_spikes_detector: from mriqc.workflows.utils import slice_wise_fft spikes_fft = pe.MapNode( niu.Function( input_names=['in_file'], output_names=['n_spikes', 'out_spikes', 'out_fft'], function=slice_wise_fft, ), name='SpikesFinderFFT', iterfield=['in_file'], ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, spikes_fft, [('in_ras', 'in_file')]), (spikes_fft, outputnode, [('out_spikes', 'out_spikes'), ('out_fft', 'out_fft')]), (spikes_fft, datasink, [('n_spikes', 'spikes_num')]) ]) # fmt: on return workflow def fmri_bmsk_workflow(name='fMRIBrainMask'): """ Compute a brain mask for the input :abbr:`fMRI (functional MRI)` dataset. .. workflow:: from mriqc.workflows.functional.base import fmri_bmsk_workflow from mriqc.testing import mock_config with mock_config(): wf = fmri_bmsk_workflow() """ from nipype.interfaces.afni import Automask workflow = pe.Workflow(name=name) inputnode = pe.Node(niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['in_file']), name='inputnode') outputnode = pe.Node(niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['out_file']), name='outputnode') afni_msk = pe.Node(Automask(outputtype='NIFTI_GZ'), name='afni_msk') # Connect brain mask extraction # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, afni_msk, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (afni_msk, outputnode, [('out_file', 'out_file')]) ]) # fmt: on return workflow def hmc(name='fMRI_HMC', omp_nthreads=None): """ Create a :abbr:`HMC (head motion correction)` workflow for fMRI. .. workflow:: from mriqc.workflows.functional.base import hmc from mriqc.testing import mock_config with mock_config(): wf = hmc() """ from nipype.algorithms.confounds import FramewiseDisplacement from nipype.interfaces.afni import Despike, Refit, Volreg mem_gb = config.workflow.biggest_file_gb workflow = pe.Workflow(name=name) inputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['in_file', 'fd_radius']), name='inputnode', ) outputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['out_file', 'out_fd', 'mpars']), name='outputnode', ) # calculate hmc parameters estimate_hm = pe.Node( Volreg(args='-Fourier -twopass', zpad=4, outputtype='NIFTI_GZ'), name='estimate_hm', mem_gb=mem_gb * 2.5, ) # Compute the frame-wise displacement fdnode = pe.Node( FramewiseDisplacement(normalize=False, parameter_source='AFNI'), name='ComputeFD', ) # Apply transforms to other echos apply_hmc = pe.MapNode( niu.Function(function=_apply_transforms, input_names=['in_file', 'in_xfm']), name='apply_hmc', iterfield=['in_file'], # NiTransforms is a memory hog, so ensure only one process is running at a time num_threads=config.environment.cpu_count, ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, fdnode, [('fd_radius', 'radius')]), (estimate_hm, apply_hmc, [('oned_matrix_save', 'in_xfm')]), (apply_hmc, outputnode, [('out', 'out_file')]), (estimate_hm, fdnode, [('oned_file', 'in_file')]), (estimate_hm, outputnode, [('oned_file', 'mpars')]), (fdnode, outputnode, [('out_file', 'out_fd')]), ]) # fmt: on if not (config.workflow.despike or config.workflow.deoblique): # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, estimate_hm, [(('in_file', _pop), 'in_file')]), (inputnode, apply_hmc, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), ]) # fmt: on return workflow # despiking, and deoblique deoblique_node = pe.MapNode( Refit(deoblique=True), name='deoblique', iterfield=['in_file'], ) despike_node = pe.MapNode( Despike(outputtype='NIFTI_GZ'), name='despike', iterfield=['in_file'], ) if config.workflow.despike and config.workflow.deoblique: # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, despike_node, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (despike_node, deoblique_node, [('out_file', 'in_file')]), (deoblique_node, estimate_hm, [(('out_file', _pop), 'in_file')]), (deoblique_node, apply_hmc, [('out_file', 'in_file')]), ]) # fmt: on elif config.workflow.despike: # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, despike_node, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (despike_node, estimate_hm, [(('out_file', _pop), 'in_file')]), (despike_node, apply_hmc, [('out_file', 'in_file')]), ]) # fmt: on elif config.workflow.deoblique: # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, deoblique_node, [('in_file', 'in_file')]), (deoblique_node, estimate_hm, [(('out_file', _pop), 'in_file')]), (deoblique_node, apply_hmc, [('out_file', 'in_file')]), ]) # fmt: on else: raise NotImplementedError return workflow def epi_mni_align(name='SpatialNormalization'): """ Estimate the transform that maps the EPI space into MNI152NLin2009cAsym. The input epi_mean is the averaged and brain-masked EPI timeseries Returns the EPI mean resampled in MNI space (for checking out registration) and the associated "lobe" parcellation in EPI space. .. workflow:: from mriqc.workflows.functional.base import epi_mni_align from mriqc.testing import mock_config with mock_config(): wf = epi_mni_align() """ from nipype.interfaces.ants import ApplyTransforms, N4BiasFieldCorrection from niworkflows.interfaces.reportlets.registration import ( SpatialNormalizationRPT as RobustMNINormalization, ) from templateflow.api import get as get_template # Get settings testing = config.execution.debug n_procs = config.nipype.nprocs ants_nthreads = config.nipype.omp_nthreads workflow = pe.Workflow(name=name) inputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['epi_mean', 'epi_mask']), name='inputnode', ) outputnode = pe.Node( niu.IdentityInterface(fields=['epi_mni', 'epi_parc', 'report']), name='outputnode', ) n4itk = pe.Node(N4BiasFieldCorrection(dimension=3, copy_header=True), name='SharpenEPI') norm = pe.Node( RobustMNINormalization( explicit_masking=False, flavor='testing' if testing else 'precise', float=config.execution.ants_float, generate_report=True, moving='boldref', num_threads=ants_nthreads, reference='boldref', template=config.workflow.template_id, ), name='EPI2MNI', num_threads=n_procs, mem_gb=3, ) if config.workflow.species.lower() == 'human': norm.inputs.reference_image = str( get_template(config.workflow.template_id, resolution=2, suffix='boldref') ) norm.inputs.reference_mask = str( get_template( config.workflow.template_id, resolution=2, desc='brain', suffix='mask', ) ) # adapt some population-specific settings else: from nirodents.workflows.brainextraction import _bspline_grid n4itk.inputs.shrink_factor = 1 n4itk.inputs.n_iterations = [50] * 4 norm.inputs.reference_image = str(get_template(config.workflow.template_id, suffix='T2w')) norm.inputs.reference_mask = str( get_template( config.workflow.template_id, desc='brain', suffix='mask', )[0] ) bspline_grid = pe.Node(niu.Function(function=_bspline_grid), name='bspline_grid') # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, bspline_grid, [('epi_mean', 'in_file')]), (bspline_grid, n4itk, [('out', 'args')]) ]) # fmt: on # Warp segmentation into EPI space invt = pe.Node( ApplyTransforms( float=True, dimension=3, default_value=0, interpolation='MultiLabel', ), name='ResampleSegmentation', ) if config.workflow.species.lower() == 'human': invt.inputs.input_image = str( get_template( config.workflow.template_id, resolution=1, desc='carpet', suffix='dseg', ) ) else: invt.inputs.input_image = str( get_template( config.workflow.template_id, suffix='dseg', )[-1] ) # fmt: off workflow.connect([ (inputnode, invt, [('epi_mean', 'reference_image')]), (inputnode, n4itk, [('epi_mean', 'input_image')]), (n4itk, norm, [('output_image', 'moving_image')]), (norm, invt, [ ('inverse_composite_transform', 'transforms')]), (invt, outputnode, [('output_image', 'epi_parc')]), (norm, outputnode, [('warped_image', 'epi_mni'), ('out_report', 'report')]), ]) # fmt: on if config.workflow.species.lower() == 'human': workflow.connect([(inputnode, norm, [('epi_mask', 'moving_mask')])]) return workflow def _parse_tqual(in_file): if isinstance(in_file, (list, tuple)): return [_parse_tqual(f) for f in in_file] if len(in_file) > 1 else _parse_tqual(in_file[0]) import numpy as np with open(in_file) as fin: lines = fin.readlines() return np.mean([float(line.strip()) for line in lines if not line.startswith('++')]) def _parse_tout(in_file): if isinstance(in_file, (list, tuple)): return [_parse_tout(f) for f in in_file] if len(in_file) > 1 else _parse_tout(in_file[0]) import numpy as np data = np.loadtxt(in_file) # pylint: disable=no-member return data.mean() def _apply_transforms(in_file, in_xfm): from pathlib import Path from nitransforms.linear import load from mriqc.utils.bids import derive_bids_fname realigned = load(in_xfm, fmt='afni', reference=in_file, moving=in_file).apply(in_file) out_file = derive_bids_fname( in_file, entity='desc-realigned', newpath=Path.cwd(), absolute=True, ) realigned.to_filename(out_file) return str(out_file)